{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/iiif/0z70v8bv3v/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Battle of Valei de Lombe Commemoration"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/237/original/kwazulu-natal-archives-logo-white-on-transparent_F.png?1676044208","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Alternative identifier"]},"value":{"en":["KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2023_A0000099_2023_12_02"]}},{"label":{"en":["#_Quality Control"]},"value":{"en":["2_Completed (A_Recording uploaded)","2_Completed (B_Metadata)","2_Completed (C_Index)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Headline"]},"value":{"en":["Commemoration of the  Battle of Valei de Lombe 1987-1988 by the MKMVA at Kwamuhle Museum in Durban"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eThe MKMVA arranged the Ceremony in remembrance of the Battle of Valei de Lombe 1987-1988 that took place in Angola. The surviving MKMVA members offer elucidation to the families of those who perished in exile, helping them find solace and peace.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Summary"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003euMkhonto weSizwe, the military wing of the African National Congress, was founded on December 16, 1961 in reaction to the Sharpeville massacre and oppressive apartheid policies targeting black individuals. Commissar Somhlola discusses the participation of MK soldiers in the Battle of Valei de Lombe. He explains that the fighting didn't start in 1987 as claimed, stating that Angolan citizens were already under attack in November and December of 1986. He also mentions that in 1987, Commander Joe Modise and his command team came to their camp asking for volunteers to lead the front line, and they were told that the battle would last only 6 months. They collaborated with soldiers stationed at Pango camp, along with Camps 13 and 32. Comrade Somhlola recounts facing challenges on the road due to an ambush, citing a specific incident near Panga where numerous comrades, including two individuals from Kwa-Zulu Natal, lost their lives. He remembers Phumasilwe Myeni from Umlazi. He also mentioned that most soldiers did not die from gunshot wounds, but rather from a lack of medical care. He also highlighted a significant event where fellow soldiers from Luanda were ambushed in a convoy, resulting in the deaths of John from Free State and Skhandane. The next day, it was discovered that 27 soldiers had lost their lives and were laid to rest in Piri. He also mentions that in 1988, they were ordered by their superiors to demobilize from the north. As a result, they retreated from the north, with some being sent to Tanzania and others to Uganda.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eCommissar Bulelani recounts that UNITA desired food and to eliminate MK soldiers. MK soldiers were collaborating with FAPLA in Angola, as they shared a common goal of fighting for the working class. He contends that surviving an ambush was not due to skill with a gun, but rather pure luck, as UNITA was ruthless towards MK soldiers, resulting in casualties of MK soldiers who originated from Chesterville, Lamontville, and KwaMashu. After he taught in camps for more than 7 years, he expressed his desire to return home, and was given permission by Comrade Chris Hani to come back to the country to join the fight. He tells a story of 7 individuals, 4 of them girls, who lost their lives in Phongolo at the hands of Comrade Thami Zulu and Ralph, the Chief of Staff. What made him sad was living with both of them in the same house, sharing cooking duties - he feared they might have poisoned his food, but thankfully he survived. Commissar Bulelani expresses full support for Palestine in its conflict with Israel and also supports Russia in its war against Ukraine.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eComrade Shikisha explains that there were numerous factors that motivated his involvement in the fight. He describes how following the formation of the Union of South Africa, black individuals were marginalized, prompting the creation of the South African Native National Congress, led by Dr. John Langalibalele Dube as its president. The organization tried multiple times to negotiate with the colonial authorities for the inclusion of black people, but all their efforts were unsuccessful. During the 1950s, figures like Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela, and Walter Sisulu became widely recognized, earning this era the nickname of the 'Roaring 50s'. After realizing that peaceful talks were unsuccessful, the ANC leadership decided to create instability in the country. This resulted in the implementation of the Programme of Action, Defiance Campaign, and the Freedom Charter. In 1956, a Treason Trial took place with all leaders who were against the apartheid government. Only following the Sharpeville Massacre did President Albert Luthuli of the ANC send Oliver Tambo abroad to inform the world about the reasons behind the party's decisions.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result, Umkhonto Wesizwe was established on December 16, 1961 and included a unit named after the president, Luthuli Detachment. Comrade Shikisha clarifies that while the ANC uses the term \"detachment,\" for regular people it’s readiness. The comrades departing in 1961 were known as the Luthuli Detachment, with some going to Algeria, China, Egypt, and Libya. Comrade Shikisha refers to the Isandlwana Detachment founded in 1978, and what's intriguing is that it was trained by the Luthuli Detachment. In 1967, MK troops were deployed to support the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) in combat against the white minority regime under Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith. It was later found out that ZIPRA was receiving support from MK, prompting Smith to inform John Foster and close the borders.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe apartheid regime decided to make Afrikaans a language of instruction, prompting students from different regions to protest against the education offered to black individuals. Comrade Shikisha recalls that this is when they left and went into exile. Tambo called them “June 16”, and that was the name they were known by while in exile. He goes on to explain that the members of the June 16 Detachment were familiar with each other due to the fact that KwaZulu-Natal and Free State were the two provinces with minimal numbers. The significant turnout on June 16 was mainly from major townships such as Gugulethu and Soweto. He also highlights the Moncada Detachment, which has great importance and originates from Cuba. This act was a way to show appreciation to the Cubans for training in exile. He adds that most members of the Moncada Detachment come from Mdansane, the second biggest township in South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eComrade Thuthukani Ndlovu stated that this occurrence brought solace to their family as his brother was one of the 21 soldiers who died in an ambush in Angola. He clarifies that his parents had desired for his body to be brought back home, but this wish was never granted, and they have since passed away. Additionally, he mentioned his second brother, Sabelo, whose whereabouts are still unknown after being killed and buried by the Boers.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2023-12-02"]}},{"label":{"en":["Specific Location"]},"value":{"en":["Kwamuhle Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Extended Locations"]},"value":{"en":["Durban - eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality - KwaZulu-Natal - South Africa"]}},{"label":{"en":["Duration "]},"value":{"en":["03:17:00"]}},{"label":{"en":["Provider"]},"value":{"en":["KwaZulu-Natal Department Sport Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service - Oral History Unit"]}},{"label":{"en":["Repository"]},"value":{"en":["Audio-Visual Repository"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["IsiZulu (Primary)","English (Secondary)","Southern Sotho (Other)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(Reference code) \u003c/strong\u003eKwaZulu-Natal Department Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service; Oral History Unit\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source URL"]},"value":{"en":["https://www.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872"]}},{"label":{"en":["Access Restrictions"]},"value":{"en":["This material is open for public access and research"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["MPEG-4 (Base Media / Version 2) - extension: .mp4 - ISO/IEC 14496-14 -Video Compression Standard: HEVC (H265) - Frames: 25fps - 16:9 - 8-bit - Compression Mode: Lossy - 854x480 pixels (Public Access - Format)","AVCHD - extension: .MPT - Frame rate: 25fps - 16:9 - Compression Mode: Lossy - 1920 x 1080 pixels (Original Media - Format)","ProRes422 - extension: .MOV - Frame rate: 25fps - 16:9 - 8-bit - Compression Mode: Lossy - 1920 x 1080 pixels (Video Archive Version - Format)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Themes"]},"value":{"en":["Military Veterans","Struggle veterans"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Experiences of Military Veterans","Freedom Struggle memories","Memory and Identity"]}},{"label":{"en":["Genre"]},"value":{"en":["Oral Histories"]}},{"label":{"en":["Conditions governing access"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Condition governing reproduction"]},"value":{"en":["COPIES FOR PRIVATE STUDY: Subject to copyright, conditions imposed by owners and protecting the documents, digital copies can be made. PUBLICATION: A reader wishing to publish material in the collection should contact the Provincial archivist in writing. (Email: kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za ) The reader is responsible for obtaining permission to publish from the copyright owner."]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e© KwaZulu-Natal Archives and records Service - All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service. The status of the content is mentioned in the Release status section, and it is intended solely for research and non-commercial purposes. Interviews may only be reproduced with written permission from the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service and with the correct citation according to the Preferred Citation field. For commercial use, arrangements with cost needs to be made with the Provincial Archivist in writing. – kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Duration"]},"value":{"en":["09:51:00"]}},{"label":{"en":["License"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003ehttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Copyright Owners"]},"value":{"en":["KwaZulu-Natal Department Sport Arts and Culture (Primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Disclaimer"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eThe memories, comments, and viewpoints shared by the narrators, interviewers, and interviewees in the content on the KZNAV-Channel and related documents do not represent the viewpoints of, or speak for the KwaZulu-Natal Department Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service or KwaZulu-Natal Government. The KZNAV-channel merely serves as an online repository for the memories, comments, stories, accounts, and experiences of the interviewees. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service cannot guarantee or assure the validity, accuracy, or completeness of the information in the interviews hosted here and expressly disclaims any liability therefore. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service retains the right to refuse to host or make publicly available any donated interview due to our discretion. Furthermore, the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service is pleased to provide open public access to content and oral history interviews for educational and non-commercial purposes, but the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service retains the copyright to each interview, transcripts, and any other materials hosted on our KZNAV-Channel unless expressly indicated in the \"Copyright Owner\" field. In certain instances, some interviews may be unavailable to the public due to the content being locked or not having reached the predetermined public release date as legally determined by the Provincial Archivist. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service strives to always offer correct and up-to-date information on the KZNAV-Channel. Although this information has been compiled with the greatest possible care, the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service does not guarantee the completeness, accuracy or topicality of the information. Content, Interviews, transcripts, and other materials published here may not be reproduced in full or published without our express consent. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service can be contacted at kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["MKMVA"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eThe MKMVA arranged the Ceremony in remembrance of the Battle of Valei de Lombe 1987-1988 that took place in Angola. The surviving MKMVA members offer elucidation to the families of those who perished in exile, helping them find solace and peace.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u0026copy; KwaZulu-Natal Archives and records Service - All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service. The status of the content is mentioned in the Release status section, and it is intended solely for research and non-commercial purposes. Interviews may only be reproduced with written permission from the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service and with the correct citation according to the Preferred Citation field. For commercial use, arrangements with cost needs to be made with the Provincial Archivist in writing. \u0026ndash; kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["KZN Archives and Records Service "]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["KZN Archives and Records Service "]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/237/original/kwazulu-natal-archives-logo-white-on-transparent_F.png?1676044208","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/218/420/small/thumbnail_218420_1701628787.jpg?1701611024","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - 1735723709_218420_1725425728_KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2023_A0000099_2023_12_02_Battle_of_Valei_de_Lombe_commemoration_HB_H265_W_854x480_v1.1.mp4"]},"duration":11820.116,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/218/420/small/thumbnail_218420_1701628787.jpg?1701611024","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/218/420/original/1735723709_218420_1725425728_KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2023_A0000099_2023_12_02_Battle_of_Valei_de_Lombe_commemoration_HB_H265_W_854x480_v1.1.mp4?1735723750","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":11820.116,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Battle of Valei de Lombe Commemoration 07-17-2024  8:24 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theme Song","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=0.0,13.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Singing of the National Anthem","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=13.0,167.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Welcome","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=168.0,378.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Secretary of Jerome Langa area, Alpha Daluxolo Sfumba, also known as James, greets everyone in attendance. He continues to explain that such events are significant because they educate people on the history of Umkhonto Wesizwe, the military wing of the African National Congress. Furthermore, individuals will learn about the MK soldiers who went into exile and the different battles they participated in. This program will provide closure to families of exiles who passed away by revealing details of their loved ones' deaths.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=168.0,378.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MKMVA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Historical background","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"death of MKMVA soldiers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=168.0,378.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Purpose of the Day","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=379.0,836.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The purpose of  the day was defined by Bonginkosi Xaba, also known as Comrade Shikishi, a member of uMkhonto we Sizwe Military Veterans' Association who went into exile with the June 16 Detachment. The event organizers asked him to attend because of his expertise.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=379.0,836.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Purpose of the Day","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"June 16 Detachment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MKMVA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=379.0,836.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Struggle songs (Gwijo) by Comrade Thuthukani Ndlovu ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=837.0,1234.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Commissar Thabiso Sithole 'Somhlola' ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=1235.0,3783.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Commissar Somhlola discusses the participation of MK soldiers in the Battle of Valei de Lombe. He explains that the fighting didn't start in 1987 as claimed, stating that Angolan citizens were already under attack in November and December of 1986. He also mentions that in 1987, Commander Joe Modise and his command team came to their camp asking for volunteers to lead the front line, and they were told that the battle would last only 6 months. They collaborated with soldiers stationed at Pango camp, along with Camps 13 and 32. Comrade Somhlola recounts facing challenges on the road due to an ambush, citing a specific incident near Panga where numerous comrades, including two individuals from Kwa-Zulu Natal, lost their lives. He remembers Phumasilwe Myeni from Umlazi. He also mentioned that most soldiers did not die from gunshot wounds, but rather from a lack of medical care. He also highlighted a significant event where fellow soldiers from Luanda were ambushed in a convoy, resulting in the deaths of John from Free State and Skhandane. The next day, it was discovered that 27 soldiers had lost their lives and were laid to rest in Piri. He also mentions that in 1988, they were ordered by their superiors to demobilize from the north. As a result, they retreated from the north, with some being sent to Tanzania and others to Uganda.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=1235.0,3783.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Origins of the battle","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MKMVA soldiers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ambush","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Loss of lives","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"medical care","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Deployment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=1235.0,3783.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Commissar Bulelani Internet Dynamics ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=3784.0,5563.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Commissar Bulelani recounts that UNITA desired food and to eliminate MK soldiers. MK soldiers were collaborating with FAPLA in Angola, as they shared a common goal of fighting for the working class. He contends that surviving an ambush was not due to skill with a gun, but rather pure luck, as UNITA was ruthless towards MK soldiers, resulting in casualties of MK soldiers who originated from Chesterville, Lamontville, and KwaMashu. After he taught in camps for more than 7 years, he expressed his desire to return home, and was given permission by Comrade Chris Hani to come back to the country to join the fight. He tells a story of 7 individuals, 4 of them girls, who lost their lives in Phongolo at the hands of Comrade Thami Zulu and Ralph, the Chief of Staff. What made him sad was living with both of them in the same house, sharing cooking duties - he feared they might have poisoned his food, but thankfully he survived. Commissar Bulelani expresses full support for Palestine in its conflict with Israel and also supports Russia in its war against Ukraine.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=3784.0,5563.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNITA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"FAPLA","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Return from exile","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"traitors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"international politics","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=3784.0,5563.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Defining Detachments","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=5562.0,7730.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Comrade Shikisha explains that there were numerous factors that motivated his involvement in the fight. He describes how following the formation of the Union of South Africa, black individuals were marginalized, prompting the creation of the South African Native National Congress, led by Dr. John Langalibalele Dube as its president. The organization tried multiple times to negotiate with the colonial authorities for the inclusion of black people, but all their efforts were unsuccessful. During the 1950s, figures like Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela, and Walter Sisulu became widely recognized, earning this era the nickname of the 'Roaring 50s'. After realizing that peaceful talks were unsuccessful, the ANC leadership decided to create instability in the country. This resulted in the implementation of the Programme of Action, Defiance Campaign, and the Freedom Charter. In 1956, a Treason Trial took place with all leaders who were against the apartheid government. Only following the Sharpeville Massacre did President Albert Luthuli of the ANC send Oliver Tambo abroad to inform the world about the reasons behind the party's decisions.\r\n\r\nAs a result, Umkhonto Wesizwe was established on December 16, 1961 and included a unit named after the president, Luthuli Detachment. Comrade Shikisha clarifies that while the ANC uses the term \"detachment,\" for regular people it’s readiness. The comrades departing in 1961 were known as the Luthuli Detachment, with some going to Algeria, China, Egypt, and Libya. Comrade Shikisha refers to the Isandlwana Detachment founded in 1979 in the centenary of Impi yaseSandlwana.\r\n In 1967, MK troops were deployed to support the Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) in combat against the white minority regime under Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith. It was later found out that ZIPRA was receiving support from MK, prompting Smith to inform John Foster and close the borders.\r\n\r\nThe apartheid regime decided to make Afrikaans a language of instruction, prompting students from different regions to protest against the education offered to black individuals. Comrade Shikisha recalls that this is when they left and went into exile. Tambo called them “June 16”, and that was the name they were known by while in exile. He goes on to explain that the members of the June 16 Detachment were familiar with each other due to the fact that KwaZulu-Natal and Free State were the two provinces with minimal numbers. The significant turnout on June 16 was mainly from major townships such as Gugulethu and Soweto. He also highlights the Moncada Detachment, which has great importance and originates from Cuba. This act was a way to show appreciation to the Cubans for training in exile. He adds that most members of the Moncada Detachment come from Mdansane, the second biggest township in South Africa.\r\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=5562.0,7730.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Origin of detachments","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Union of South Africa","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South African Native National Congress","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ANC Leadership","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=5562.0,7730.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poem by Comrade Shikisha Xaba","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=7731.0,7871.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Struggle songs by Comrade Thuthukani Ndlovu ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=8234.0,10398.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Closing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=7872.0,8233.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To conclude, Comrade Somhlola thanked the Department of Sport, Art and Culture, giving special mention to Dr. Vukile Khumalo and Mr. Muziwandile Hadebe for their presence.\r\n\r\nComrade Thuthukani Ndlovu stated that this occurrence brought solace to their family as his brother was one of the 21 soldiers who died in an ambush in Angola. He clarifies that his parents had desired for his body to be brought back home, but this wish was never granted, and they have since passed away. Additionally, he mentioned his second brother, Sabelo, whose whereabouts are still unknown after being killed and buried by the Boers.\r\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=7872.0,8233.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Closing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Appreciation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closure","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Comrade Somhlola","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DSAC","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thuthukani Ndlovu","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=7872.0,8233.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Round-Robin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=10399.0,11754.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family members of deceased exiles had the opportunity to identify themselves and their place of origin. Furthermore, MK members from different regions/units were given the opportunity to present themselves. An MK comrade named Mthunzi Ntombela identified himself and revealed that he joined the underground struggle in 1990. He further recounts that while working for the National Defence Force he was unjustly fired from his job, and some fellow comrades are currently working to address his situation. While he did not specify the exact year he was fired, he mentioned that he has been without a job and was recently helped by his ward 91 councillor to secure a cleaning position in the township.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=10399.0,11754.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420/index/84561/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theme Song","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218420#t=11755.0,11820.0"}]}]},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218419","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2023_A0000099_2023_12_02_Battle_of_Valei_de_Lombe_commemoration_Audio_80Kbps_v1.1.m4a"]},"duration":11820.118,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collections/default_thumbs/000/002/203/small/Audio_logo_1000px.png?1694418531","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218419/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218419/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/218/419/original/KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2023_A0000099_2023_12_02_Battle_of_Valei_de_Lombe_commemoration_Audio_80Kbps_v1.1.m4a?1701623063","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":11820.118,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/114872/file/218419","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}