{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/iiif/bc3st7fx87/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["iNyosi Buzetsheni Mkhohliseni Mdletshe"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/237/original/kwazulu-natal-archives-logo-white-on-transparent_F.png?1676044208","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Alternative identifier"]},"value":{"en":["KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000019_2022_05_11"]}},{"label":{"en":["#_Quality Control"]},"value":{"en":["1_Metadata"]}},{"label":{"en":["Headline"]},"value":{"en":["Interview with long-serving Zulu Royal household Praise singer Buzetsheni Mdletshe"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eInterview with long-serving Zulu Royal household Praise singer Buzetsheni Mdletshe. Mdletshe has served in the role for the past 46 years and has an incredible wealth of knowledge about Zulu history and Culture. Although he was officially given the title of praise singer in 2001, Mdletshe first recited the king’s praise publicly in 1974 during the wedding of the king’s daughter in the absence of his then praise singer. Buzetsheni Mdletshe fell in love with the art of praise singing when he was a little boy. He says his young self, with no opportunity to go to school, never thought his dream of becoming a praise singer would come true. But today he is the official praise singer of the Zulu monarch. He would not call it a job though. For Mdletshe, it’s a gift. “When I sing the praises it’s like a sangoma who is entered by the spirit of ancestors. A spirit needs to enter you. Anyone can read the praises in books, but you need to have that gift that is given to you by the spirits that guide your praises,” he told Times Select. His gift of praise singing was quite literally handed to him on a plate. “My love for praise poetry started when I was very young. I remember when my brother brought home a commemorative plate that had all the praise names of king DinuZulu and King Solomon. \u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Summary"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eInitially, the narrative depicts a semblance of cooperation between Europeans, represented by figures like Piet Retief, and Zulu chiefs. Retief and his men, seeking to assist King Dingane in recovering stolen cattle from King Sigonyela of the Sotho, offered their aid in exchange for land to settle. Dingane acquiesced to their request, indicating a seemingly amicable relationship between the Europeans and the Zulu kingdom at that time. However, tensions escalated dramatically following a visit to Sigonyela's palace, where Retief and his companions were falsely accused of wrongdoing and subsequently executed by Dingane's orders.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe betrayal at Sigonyela's palace proved to be a catalyst for increased animosity between the Boers and the Zulus, culminating in the infamous Battle of Blood River. This clash, fueled by mutual distrust, cultural differences, and simmering grievances, resulted in significant casualties on both sides, exacerbating existing tensions and deepening the divide between the European settlers and the Zulu kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe narrative further explores the strained relationship between Dingane and the Boers, highlighting a pattern of conflict and retaliation that ultimately led to Dingane's defeat and demise. Despite Dingane's fall, unresolved land disputes and lingering animosities continued to plague the region, underscoring the complexity and volatility of the political landscape in post-Dingane Zululand.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, the interview delves into the intricacies of Zulu royal succession and the internal power struggles within the royal family, particularly the tensions between King Mpande's sons, Cetshwayo and Mbuyazi. These internal conflicts culminated in the Battle of Ndodakusuka, which further destabilized Mpande's reign and contributed to the broader political turmoil within the Zulu kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to historical events, the interview sheds light on contemporary issues within the Zulu community, such as the preservation of cultural heritage, the role of praise singers, and the challenges of maintaining traditional practices in a rapidly changing world. There is also a call for reconciliation between the Zulu and Boer communities, emphasizing the importance of mutual understanding and acknowledgment of past injustices in fostering peace and harmony in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, the oral history interview offers a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of the complex dynamics that have shaped the relationship between Europeans and the Zulu kingdom, providing valuable insights into the historical, cultural, and political forces at play in South Africa's turbulent past.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2022-05-11"]}},{"label":{"en":["Specific Location"]},"value":{"en":["KwaCeza"]}},{"label":{"en":["Extended Locations"]},"value":{"en":["Ulundi - Zululand District Municipality - KwaZulu-Natal - South Africa"]}},{"label":{"en":["Duration "]},"value":{"en":["04:21:03"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributors"]},"value":{"en":["iNyosi Buzetsheni Mkhohliseni Mdletshe (Interviewee)","Muziwandile Hadebe (Interviewer)","Reinhardt Hartzenberg (Field Technician)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Repository"]},"value":{"en":["Audio-Visual Repository"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":[]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(Reference code) \u003c/strong\u003eKwaZulu-Natal Department Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service; Oral History Unit\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source URL"]},"value":{"en":["https://www.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980"]}},{"label":{"en":["Access Restrictions"]},"value":{"en":["This material is open for public access and research"]}},{"label":{"en":["Embargo Date"]},"value":{"en":["N/A"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["MPEG-4 (Base Media / Version 2) - extension: .mp4 - ISO/IEC 14496-14 -Video Compression Standard: HEVC (H265) - Frames: 25fps - 16:9 - 8-bit - Compression Mode: Lossy - 854x480 pixels (Public Access - Format)","AVCHD - extension: .MPT - Frame rate: 25fps - 16:9 - Compression Mode: Lossy - 1920 x 1080 pixels (Original Media - Format)","ProRes422 - extension: .MOV - Frame rate: 25fps - 16:9 - 8-bit - Compression Mode: Lossy - 1920 x 1080 pixels (Video Archive Version - Format)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Primary Media Type"]},"value":{"en":["Video"]}},{"label":{"en":["Genre"]},"value":{"en":["Oral Histories"]}},{"label":{"en":["Conditions governing access"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Condition governing reproduction"]},"value":{"en":["COPIES FOR PRIVATE STUDY: Subject to copyright, conditions imposed by owners and protecting the documents, digital copies can be made. PUBLICATION: A reader wishing to publish material in the collection should contact the Provincial archivist in writing. (Email: kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za ) The reader is responsible for obtaining permission to publish from the copyright owner."]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e© KwaZulu-Natal Archives and records Service - All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service. The status of the content is mentioned in the Release status section, and it is intended solely for research and non-commercial purposes. Interviews may only be reproduced with written permission from the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service and with the correct citation according to the Preferred Citation field. For commercial use, arrangements with cost needs to be made with the Provincial Archivist in writing. – kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Duration"]},"value":{"en":["13:03:09"]}},{"label":{"en":["License"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003ehttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Redact of Content"]},"value":{"en":["No"]}},{"label":{"en":["Disclaimer"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eThe memories, comments, and viewpoints shared by the narrators, interviewers, and interviewees in the content on the KZNAV-Channel and related documents do not represent the viewpoints of, or speak for the KwaZulu-Natal Department Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service or KwaZulu-Natal Government. The KZNAV-channel merely serves as an online repository for the memories, comments, stories, accounts, and experiences of the interviewees. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service cannot guarantee or assure the validity, accuracy, or completeness of the information in the interviews hosted here and expressly disclaims any liability therefore. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service retains the right to refuse to host or make publicly available any donated interview due to our discretion. Furthermore, the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service is pleased to provide open public access to content and oral history interviews for educational and non-commercial purposes, but the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service retains the copyright to each interview, transcripts, and any other materials hosted on our KZNAV-Channel unless expressly indicated in the \"Copyright Owner\" field. In certain instances, some interviews may be unavailable to the public due to the content being locked or not having reached the predetermined public release date as legally determined by the Provincial Archivist. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service strives to always offer correct and up-to-date information on the KZNAV-Channel. Although this information has been compiled with the greatest possible care, the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service does not guarantee the completeness, accuracy or topicality of the information. Content, Interviews, transcripts, and other materials published here may not be reproduced in full or published without our express consent. The KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service can be contacted at kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eInterview with long-serving Zulu Royal household Praise singer Buzetsheni Mdletshe. Mdletshe has served in the role for the past 46 years and has an incredible wealth of knowledge about Zulu history and Culture. Although he was officially given the title of praise singer in 2001, Mdletshe first recited the king\u0026rsquo;s praise publicly in 1974 during the wedding of the king\u0026rsquo;s daughter in the absence of his then praise singer. Buzetsheni Mdletshe fell in love with the art of praise singing when he was a little boy. He says his young self, with no opportunity to go to school, never thought his dream of becoming a praise singer would come true. But today he is the official praise singer of the Zulu monarch. He would not call it a job though. For Mdletshe, it\u0026rsquo;s a gift. \u0026ldquo;When I sing the praises it\u0026rsquo;s like a sangoma who is entered by the spirit of ancestors. A spirit needs to enter you. Anyone can read the praises in books, but you need to have that gift that is given to you by the spirits that guide your praises,\u0026rdquo; he told Times Select. His gift of praise singing was quite literally handed to him on a plate. \u0026ldquo;My love for praise poetry started when I was very young. I remember when my brother brought home a commemorative plate that had all the praise names of king DinuZulu and King Solomon.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u0026copy; KwaZulu-Natal Archives and records Service - All rights to the interviews, including but not restricted to legal title, copyrights and literary property rights, have been transferred to the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Sport, Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service. The status of the content is mentioned in the Release status section, and it is intended solely for research and non-commercial purposes. Interviews may only be reproduced with written permission from the KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service and with the correct citation according to the Preferred Citation field. For commercial use, arrangements with cost needs to be made with the Provincial Archivist in writing. \u0026ndash; kznarchives@kzndsac.gov.za\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["KZN Archives and Records Service "]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["KZN Archives and Records Service "]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/237/original/kwazulu-natal-archives-logo-white-on-transparent_F.png?1676044208","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/175/475/small/20220511_BuzetsheniMkhohliseniMdletshe_FC_H265_W_854x480.m4v_1677842478.jpg?1677842479","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - 20220511_Buzetsheni_Mkhohliseni_Mdletshe_FC_H265_W_854x480.m4v"]},"duration":15663.12,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/175/475/small/20220511_BuzetsheniMkhohliseniMdletshe_FC_H265_W_854x480.m4v_1677842478.jpg?1677842479","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/175/475/original/20220511_Buzetsheni_Mkhohliseni_Mdletshe_FC_H265_W_854x480.m4v?1735716892","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":15663.12,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["iNyosi Buzetsheni Mkhohliseni Mdletshe 06-24-2024 13:23 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theme Song","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=0.0,12.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=12.0,108.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An oral history interview conducted by the Department of Sport, Art, and Culture Oral History Unit with Buzetsheni Mkhohliseni Mdletshe, a long-time Zulu Royal household Praise singer. Mdletshe functions as a living archive, preserving important Zulu historical knowledge, cultural practices, and traditions that could be forgotten if not documented.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=12.0,108.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=12.0,108.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Background of the  Battle of Blood River ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=113.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is understood that Europeans had positive interactions with different chiefs, including King Dingane. In history, it seems they were received warmly and had a good relationship with the Zulu people. King Dingane told Piet Retief, their leader, that King Sigonyela of the Sotho has taken his cattle and is refusing to give them back. Retief and his group proposed to assist Dingane with the condition that he grants them land for settlement. It is claimed that they also indicated the specific piece of land they desired. Dingane agreed to their request. Upon arriving at Sigonyela's palace, they presented themselves in a friendly manner with gifts for the king, showing their good intentions. Within the presents, they had special hand bands intended only for royalty, he tried them on, and they secured the handcuffs. They told him they were sent by Dingane to retrieve stolen cattle, then returned the cattle to Dingane who was pleased. Dingane asked them to join him for dinner at a royal palace, where it is customary for guests to leave their weapons outside before entering.\r\nThe next day, the royal guards informed Dingane that they had observed these individuals patrolling the palace at night, unaware that in the royal Zulu palace, there is a hallowed place/hut where royal maidens and wives dwell, entry is only permitted with permission. In accordance with palace regulations, individuals who have thoroughly examined the palace are prohibited from exiting as it is believed they may disclose its details to outsiders. It was agreed upon that they wouldn't be killed right away but instead they would be asked to come back another time. They arrived as scheduled with their horses, the ceremony took place in the kraal on their behalf, and amabutho were dancing. It is claimed that Dingane instructed them to launch an attack when he exits the kraal. Retief and his men were murdered with the additional observation that they were not carrying weapons. A report has stated that a man managed to flee by taking his horse and riding off. He informed the remaining individuals at the camp that Retief and his son were the first ones to be killed. The Boers were upset by this unexpected event, particularly the assassination of their respected leader, who was highly regarded for his intelligence. They were unaware that watching the royal palace was considered a violation of the law. This caused the Boers to ask for strength and power in order to overcome Dingane, and if God granted them victory, they vowed to construct a church and worship. Reports indicate that even prominent leaders like Ndlela kaSompisi were dissatisfied with the war as it was not properly planned.\r\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=113.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Europeans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"King Dingane","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Piet Retief","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"King Sigonyela","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"land","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assassination","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ndlela kaSompisi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=113.0,575.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Battle of Blood River","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=576.0,837.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the midst of the battle, it was mentioned that Ncome River was brimming, and Ndlela kaSompisi erred in the path they selected to reach Ncome, going against Dingane's directive not to cross the river. Europeans observed that the Zulu's would not succeed in crossing the river, so they began to attack them as they attempted to make the crossing. The Battle of Blood River got its name because numerous people lost their lives in the river. Dingane and the Boers had ongoing hostility, which led them to back Mpande. In all honesty, King Dingane initiated this because he could have handled it differently, taking into account that they were unaware of the royal palace rules.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=576.0,837.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ncome River","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Battle of Blood River","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mpande","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=576.0,837.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Battle of Maqongqo Hill","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=838.0,2925.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During the battle of Maqongqo hill, the Boers sided with Mpande and Dingane was vanquished. Nozishada KaMaqhoboza Nzuza, a standout fighter for Dingane, tirelessly stabbed and killed my people until his hands grew weary, then he tossed his weapons to the ground and declared he would never give in to the cowardly King Mpande, even if they killed him. Dingane escaped with a small group of his supporters and was murdered by the Swati people at Kwaliweni in Ngwavuma, where his body was placed inside a cave. The Boers burned Dingane's royal palace uMgungundlovu onduku zibovu. Following the death of Dingane, there were indications of peace, harmony, stability, and collaboration between the Boers and the Zulu nation.Throughout his rule, Dingane initiated numerous conflicts, such as with the Khumalo clan, where he also murdered Mzilikazi's mother, as well as with Zihlandlo and the sons of Ngomane. The Jele people in Zambia and Malawi escaped due to Dingane's desire to eliminate all of Shaka's favored individuals after he had killed Shaka. Mdletshe narrates that Shaka's battles aimed to expand the Zulu Kingdom, while Dingane did not have the same goal of territorial expansion.Mdletshe also discusses that in the Zulu warrior tradition, there were no official funerals for warriors who died in battle. Instead, their bodies were covered with a shield or tree branch and left for vultures to consume. It is crucial to note that the family was not informed about the death of the individual, but rather told that they were left at the battle.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=838.0,2925.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Battle of Maqongqo Hill","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dingane","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nozishada KaMaqhoboza Nzuza","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"King Mpande","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shaka's battles","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"warriors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=838.0,2925.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reconciliation Day","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=2926.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A memorial was built in honor of Boers who perished at the Battle of Blood River, with the names of the deceased inscribed on the monument. When the Boer's took control, a memorial tombstone was put up for King Dingane/16 December was dubbed Dingaan's/Dinganes' Day and eventually became known as Reconciliation Day. The controversy still surrounds the name Reconciliation Day as the Zulus have not sought forgiveness from the Boers for their wrongdoings, nor have the Boers accepted any apology. Only at that point can we refer to it as Reconciliation Day. The Boers and the Zulu's should organize Reconciliation Day without government interference. The Zulu King not only participates in commemorations at Isandlwana, but he also attended the Ncome commemorations when properly invited. During a particular year, P.W Botha asked to cross the reconciliation bridge to talk with the late Zulu King Goodwill Zwelithini during a memorial event.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=2926.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reconciliation Day","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"memorial","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dingaan's/Dinganes' Day","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reconciliation bridge","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=2926.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Battle of Ndodakusuka","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=3574.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Boers requested Mpande to select which of his sons would take over after him, he picked Cetshwayo and he was given a specific symbol. Later, Mpande desired Mbuyazi to succeed him as king, but changing the decision was not feasible. This created a rift between Cetshwayo and Mbuyazi, and Mpande was unable to mend the relationship. During the Ndodakusuka battle, he hoped they would both perish, prompting him to dispatch his spy Makhasana. Mbuyazi suffered a loss. The conflict occurred between Usuthu fighters led by Cetshwayo and Zigqoza warriors under Mbuyazi's command. Mpande was accused of causing the conflict between his sons because he was expected to stick to his decisions. Cetshwayo was crowned by the British, and a 17-gun salute was carried out. Cetshwayo ascended to the throne as king while his father was alive due to his advanced age preventing him from fulfilling all his duties. Mpande embodied his name by serving as the foundation from which the Zulu dynasty expanded: his son Cetshwayo became the father of Dinizulu, who in turn fathered Phumuzuzulu, Bhekuzulu, and eventually Zwelithini, the father of the current king, Misuzulu.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=3574.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Battle of Ndodakusuka","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cetshwayo","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mbuyazi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Makhasana","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Usuthu fighters","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zigqoza warriors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"throne","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=3574.0,5400.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Preservation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=3575.0,6880.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the past, there were no recordings of the king's speeches and royal events, whether in audio or video form. Recently, the government purchased equipment for Masango to use in capturing these events. I think that he should keep the recordings safe and provide a copy to the king after capturing a specific event. On one occasion, I visited eSwatini Kingdom and saw a video featuring King Sobhuza II and the current king as a young boy. Unlike in the Zulu Royal household, there are no similar records. I desire the creation of a Heritage Office to oversee royal family affairs, handle flight and accommodation arrangements for the king, and more.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=3575.0,6880.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recordings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"king's speeches","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"royal events","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"eSwatini Kingdom","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Heritage Office","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=3575.0,6880.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ibutho","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=6881.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ibutho, or Zulu warrior training, typically lasts for two to three months, including instruction in discipline, songs, and reciting izaga, until they can create their own Ihubo. In Ibutho there exist various factions, which are required to show mutual respect towards one another. The groups consist of Mkhuphulangwenya, Lukhandimpevu, Nala, Mvuleni, and the most recent one created in 2020 named Izitoyitoti, previously used by Dingane. As per the guidelines, the final Ibutho group created must lead in the war or battle. Every December, a new group is revealed. Royal Princes like Nhlangano Yesizwe of Enyokeni and Nhlenhle of Ondini have also been included in Ibutho. Ibutho used to receive traditional clothing and shields to distinguish themselves, but there has been no uniformity since King Zwelithini assumed control.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=6881.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ibutho","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"training","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ihubo","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Royal Princes","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Enyokeni","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ondini","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=6881.0,8197.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The importance of Inyosi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=8198.0,9938.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The present praise singers lack knowledge of the rules and traditions of the job; their main focus is on gaining popularity. They lack knowledge about the royal palace, such as whether the king is there or not. When a praise singer enters, they must say \"wena wendlovu.\" To perform at a ceremony in the palace, a praise singer must arrive on Wednesday before the arrival of the crowds to inform the deceased kings of the upcoming events. In the event that a king is embarking on a trip, the praise singer must be present at least 30 minutes prior to the departure time to inform all the Kings about the journey.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=8198.0,9938.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"praise singer","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Inyosi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ceremony","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"royal palace","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=8198.0,9938.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Succesion Dispute ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=9938.0,10324.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While studying at Bhekuzulu, King Goodwill Zwelithini's father passed away, leading to a succession dispute that resulted in his sister Princess Nonhlanhla taking him to KwaNdebele. During his time at KwaNdebele, Princess Nonhlanhla requested Mr. Dlamini to employ her brother as a coal salesman. Even hot weather, he would always wear a copper hat, causing his sister to worry that if he took it off, people would notice their similar noses. His return to Natal was solely to arrange his marriage to Queen Sibongile Dlamini, with his coronation taking place on 3 December 1971.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=9938.0,10324.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Succesion Dispute","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bhekuzulu","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"King Goodwill Zwelithini","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Princess Nonhlanhla","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coronation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"3 December 1971","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=9938.0,10324.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Inaccurate conduct of traditional practices","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=10324.0,15598.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mdletshe explains that significant changes have occurred in Zulu customs, traditional practices, ceremonies, and rituals throughout the years. This encompasses the correct way to slaughter animals, conduct umhlonyane, umemulo, umkhehlo, and perform rituals after a husband passes away.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=10324.0,15598.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zulu customs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"traditional practices","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ceremonies","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rituals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=10324.0,15598.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475/index/84145/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theme Song","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175475#t=15599.0,15663.0"}]}]},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175476","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 20220511_Buzetsheni_Mkhohliseni_Mdletshe_Audio_80Kbps.mp3"]},"duration":15663.15102,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/175/476/small/Audio_logo_1000px.png?1686244306","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175476/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175476/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/175/476/original/20220511_Buzetsheni_Mkhohliseni_Mdletshe_Audio_80Kbps.mp3?1677846883","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":15663.15102,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/77980/file/175476","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}