{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/iiif/bg2h709t54/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Vani Hadebe"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/237/original/kwazulu-natal-archives-logo-white-on-transparent_F.png?1676044208","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Alternative identifier"]},"value":{"en":["KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01"]}},{"label":{"en":["#_Quality Control"]},"value":{"en":["2_Completed (A_Recording uploaded)","2_Completed (B_Metadata)","2_Completed (C_Index)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Headline"]},"value":{"en":["An interview with Vani Hadebe, in which he elaborates on the historical roots of the Hlubi people, reflects on their late kings, and offers an insightful analysis of their praise names."]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eVani Hadebe (82) articulates his family lineage while exploring the history of Hlubi monarchs, including figures like Dlomo, Bhucwa, Ngelengele, Bhungane, Mthimkhulu, Ntsele, Siyephu, Langalibalele, and Tatazela. He traces the ancestry of the Hlubi people back to Congo, explaining their migration to Southern Africa and their later settlement in what is now known as Natal. Moreover, Hadebe delves into the details regarding the wives and descendants of the Hlubi kings.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Summary"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHadebe presents himself as the son of Johnson kaNtshido and traces his heritage to kaNdwambo kaNcwane and Ncwane kaMtimkhulu. As an elder of the AmaHlubi, he discusses the etymology of the name maHlubi in this interview, noting that their group was once called Amampembe. He shares the history of the Hlubi people's migrations throughout Africa before they settled in KwaZulu-Natal, formerly known as Natal. Their journey included living in Zambia and Zimbabwe, which eventually led them to the Free State, specifically in Vereeniging near Emthonjeni Wegwa. He asserts that the origins of the Hlubi people can be traced back to Congo, where Dlomo I is believed to have come from.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHadebe recounts that Bhungane's firstborn son was Dlemini, followed by Mhlanga, along with sons from other households, namely Xaba, Msimang, and Mthimkhulu. He further explains that Dlemini realized he would not ascend to the throne, prompting him to leave with his brother Mhlanga in search of what he believed was rightfully his, ultimately requesting land from the Tembe kingdom. Hadebe notes that Xaba attempted to claim his possessions but was unsuccessful, which led to Mthimkhulu assuming the throne. The praise names such as “isigawulo somuthi omkhulu omuncane uyaziwela” emerged from these events. Hadebe continues by stating that Mthimkhulu fathered Zikode, who had two sons, Ncobo and Hadebe. Ncobo married MaMbhele, but tragically, he killed every child his wife bore, leading to a conspiracy to eliminate him. Following Ncobo's death, Hadebe inherited the throne, and his firstborn was Dlomo II, who resided in a place known as Enxokosheni. As Dlomo II matured, he realized that the throne rightfully belonged to Ncobo and forcefully demanded it from his father Hadebe, who acquiesced. Dlomo then insisted that all his siblings adopt Ncobo’s name, but they resisted, preferring to identify as Hadebe kaMahlubi, in honor of their mother MaMbhele, who was referred to by her father's name, Mahlubi.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMashiya, the son of Dlomo II, was known for his limp. He had three wives from royal families, and his last wife, who was not of noble lineage, came from the Mbanjwa family. His royal wives bore him three children: Ngwekazi, Jozi, and Manana, while his last wife gave birth to a son named Ntsele. After returning from their initiation, the question arose as to who could sing and dance, and it was revealed that Ntsele had this talent. During this time, Dlomo II created a crown, proclaiming that the one who could wear it would inherit the throne of Mashiya. A gathering was held to test the crown, and it was discovered that it fit only Ntsele. This is why the saying “Ntsele Nduna, gundicoco ezababhemu ezabafokazi” emerged, as he became the headman for Dlomo, executing all the duties assigned to him. Eventually, Ntsele wore the isiphuku that belonged to his deceased grandfather, which had been handed down from Dlomo and was now his.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eNtsele departed from Engweni, and on his route, he came across the Umzinyathi River, which flows from the Drakensberg mountains. He wed the woman he had helped carry water from the river, and their home became known as Emange, where they welcomed a son named Bhungane. Ntsele also took a second wife from the Nxumalo royal family, who bore him a son named Mwaya. After Ntsele's passing, Mwaya asserted his claim to the kingship, citing his mother's royal heritage from Nongoma. However, he was unable to secure the throne and moved to Lesotho, leading to the emergence of a mixed ethnic group referred to as “Induku ezamila emthondweni laphakithi kwaSothondose.” The people remarked to Bhungane “umukhulu Bhungane awungangonkulunkulu, kodwa umkhulu nawe nkulunkulu kodwa awungangoBhungane, isikwe izitho zabalandakazi bakuhleka abantu wabasika izitho nje abalandakazi weBhungane uthi bazozala ngani isaqutshana salile ukumila, ubhoqo uyala ukusineka.”\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to Hadebe, Bhungane had two sons: Mpangazitha, the child of his first wife from a royal family, and Mthimkhulu, whose mother was from the Khumalo lineage. Mpangazitha held the belief that his royal descent made him the legitimate heir to the throne. This conviction is believed to have initiated the conflict, which is reflected in the following praise names: “Zizangomnyama kuyasabeka uzeniomnyama lenkomo ezamadoda, lomthimkhulu akawubhebhezeli umlilo ubhebhezelwa amakhosana kamalandakazi celakule ithole lakomashobane kokuqala lifike lakhishwa elakwamnguni labuya seliyophinda impinda.” Afterward, Mthimkhulu relocated to Madlangeni, leaving Mpangazitha at KwaHlokazi, where Bhungane was buried on a mountain called Bahlokazi. Hadebe claims that Mpangazitha was implicated in Mthimkhulu’s death, and upon Mthimkhulu's demise, they returned to Emadlangeni, discovering that Mahwanqa had already claimed the throne and ruled for a significant duration.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eHadebe explains that the funeral rites of a Hlubi king involve a continuous performance of hymns. Upon reaching the designated burial site, the appointed praise singers recite the king's praise names. He provides the example of Tatazela’s funeral, which included four praise singers: Mantasha Shabalala, Amos Phakathi, grandfather Zibhebhu Ndwandwe, and Mthembeni. While the first three singers struggled with their performance, it was Mthembeni who successfully executed the task. Hadebe points out that Mthembeni's proficiency stemmed from his natural talent, as he had not acquired knowledge of the praise names through formal schooling.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2022-03-01"]}},{"label":{"en":["Specific Location"]},"value":{"en":["Emahlutshini"]}},{"label":{"en":["Extended Locations"]},"value":{"en":["Estcourt - uThukela District Municipality - KwaZulu-Natal - South Africa"]}},{"label":{"en":["Duration "]},"value":{"en":["01:39:35"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributors"]},"value":{"en":["Vani Hadebe (Interviewee)","Muziwandile Hadebe (Interviewer)","Reinhardt Hartzenberg (Field Technician)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee Information"]},"value":{"en":["Vani Hadebe (Name)","1940-09-09 (Date of Birth)","Hlubi (Ethnicity)","Male (Gender)","Pensioner (Occupation)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Provider"]},"value":{"en":["KwaZulu-Natal Department Sport Arts and Culture - KwaZulu-Natal Archives and Records Service - Oral History Unit"]}},{"label":{"en":["Repository"]},"value":{"en":["Audio-Visual Repository"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["IsiZulu (Primary)","English (Secondary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Genre"]},"value":{"en":["Oral Histories"]}},{"label":{"en":["Duration"]},"value":{"en":["04:58:45"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eVani Hadebe (82) articulates his family lineage while exploring the history of Hlubi monarchs, including figures like Dlomo, Bhucwa, Ngelengele, Bhungane, Mthimkhulu, Ntsele, Siyephu, Langalibalele, and Tatazela. He traces the ancestry of the Hlubi people back to Congo, explaining their migration to Southern Africa and their later settlement in what is now known as Natal. Moreover, Hadebe delves into the details regarding the wives and descendants of the Hlubi kings.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["KZN Archives and Records Service "]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["KZN Archives and Records Service "]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/237/original/kwazulu-natal-archives-logo-white-on-transparent_F.png?1676044208","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/263/308/small/KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_VaniHadebe_HB_H265_W_854x480_v1.1.mp4_1740120418.jpg?1740120419","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 3 - 263308_1740120426_KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_Vani_Hadebe_HB_H265_W_854x480_v1.1.mp4.mp4"]},"duration":5975.039,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/263/308/small/KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_VaniHadebe_HB_H265_W_854x480_v1.1.mp4_1740120418.jpg?1740120419","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/263/308/original/263308_1740120426_KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_Vani_Hadebe_HB_H265_W_854x480_v1.1.mp4.mp4?1740121225","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":5975.039,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Vani Hadebe 03-12-2025  8:48 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theme Song","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=0.0,13.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=14.0,79.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An interview was conducted by the Oral History Unit of the Department of Sport, Art, and Culture Archives with Vani Hadebe, an elder from the AmaHlubi lineage. In this dialogue, he provides a thorough exploration of the significance of the name \"Hadebe\" and discusses several family disputes concerning the throne. Additionally, Hadebe reveals the praisenames attributed to the late Hlubi kings, while narrating the incidents and life adversities that led to the formation of these names. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=14.0,79.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emergence of AmaHlubi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=80.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In detailing the origins of the Amahlubi, Vani Hadebe notes that Dlomo I emerged from a rock in a territory occupied by the Nala people of Congo. He later married a woman from this community and founded several homesteads, including Embo, Mantungwini, amaBhele, and KwaBhuncwa. Hadebe indicates that the contemporary kingdom of the Hlubi people can be traced back to the fourth house. She narrates the migration of her ancestors from Congo, through Zambia and Zimbabwe, leading to their eventual settlement in the Free State, specifically in Vereeniging near Emthonjeni Wegwa.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=80.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emergence of AmaHlubi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=80.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family disputes ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=387.0,771.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hadebe recounts that Bhungane's firstborn son was Dlemini, followed by Mhlanga, along with sons from other households, namely Xaba, Msimang, and Mthimkhulu. He further explains that Dlemini realized he would not ascend to the throne, prompting him to leave with his brother Mhlanga in search of what he believed was rightfully his, ultimately requesting land from the Tembe kingdom. Hadebe notes that Xaba attempted to claim his possessions but was unsuccessful, which led to Mthimkhulu assuming the throne. The praise names such as “isigawulo somuthi omkhulu omuncane uyaziwela” emerged from these events. Hadebe continues by stating that Mthimkhulu fathered Zikode, who had two sons, Ncobo and Hadebe. Ncobo married MaMbhele, but tragically, he killed every child his wife bore, leading to a conspiracy to eliminate him. Following Ncobo's death, Hadebe inherited the throne, and his firstborn was Dlomo II, who resided in a place known as Enxokosheni. As Dlomo II matured, he realized that the throne rightfully belonged to Ncobo and forcefully demanded it from his father Hadebe, who acquiesced. Dlomo then insisted that all his siblings adopt Ncobo’s name, but they resisted, preferring to identify as Hadebe kaMahlubi, in honor of their mother MaMbhele, who was referred to by her father's name, Mahlubi.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=387.0,771.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ntsele kaMashiya","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=771.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mashiya, the son of Dlomo II, was known for his limp. He had three wives from royal families, and his last wife, who was not of noble lineage, came from the Mbanjwa family. His royal wives bore him three children: Ngwekazi, Jozi, and Manana, while his last wife gave birth to a son named Ntsele. After returning from their initiation, the question arose as to who could sing and dance, and it was revealed that Ntsele had this talent. During this time, Dlomo II created a crown, proclaiming that the one who could wear it would inherit the throne of Mashiya. A gathering was held to test the crown, and it was discovered that it fit only Ntsele. This is why the saying “Ntsele Nduna, gundicoco ezababhemu ezabafokazi” emerged, as he became the headman for Dlomo, executing all the duties assigned to him. Eventually, Ntsele wore the isiphuku that belonged to his deceased grandfather, which had been handed down from Dlomo and was now his.\r\n\r\nNtsele departed from Engweni, and on his route, he came across the Umzinyathi River, which flows from the Drakensberg mountains. He wed the woman he had helped carry water from the river, and their home became known as Emange, where they welcomed a son named Bhungane. Ntsele also took a second wife from the Nxumalo royal family, who bore him a son named Mwaya. After Ntsele's passing, Mwaya asserted his claim to the kingship, citing his mother's royal heritage from Nongoma. However, he was unable to secure the throne and moved to Lesotho, leading to the emergence of a mixed ethnic group referred to as “Induku ezamila emthondweni laphakithi kwaSothondose.” The people remarked to Bhungane “umukhulu Bhungane awungangonkulunkulu, kodwa umkhulu nawe nkulunkulu kodwa awungangoBhungane, isikwe izitho zabalandakazi bakuhleka abantu wabasika izitho nje abalandakazi weBhungane uthi bazozala ngani isaqutshana salile ukumila, ubhoqo uyala ukusineka.”\r\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=771.0,1380.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mthimkhulu kaBhungane","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=1381.0,1741.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"According to Hadebe, Bhungane had two sons: Mpangazitha, the child of his first wife from a royal family, and Mthimkhulu, whose mother was from the Khumalo lineage. Mpangazitha held the belief that his royal descent made him the legitimate heir to the throne. This conviction is believed to have initiated the conflict, which is reflected in the following praise names: “Zizangomnyama kuyasabeka uzeniomnyama lenkomo ezamadoda, lomthimkhulu akawubhebhezeli umlilo ubhebhezelwa amakhosana kamalandakazi celakule ithole lakomashobane kokuqala lifike lakhishwa elakwamnguni labuya seliyophinda impinda.” Afterward, Mthimkhulu relocated to Madlangeni, leaving Mpangazitha at KwaHlokazi, where Bhungane was buried on a mountain called Bahlokazi. Hadebe claims that Mpangazitha was implicated in Mthimkhulu’s death, and upon Mthimkhulu's demise, they returned to Emadlangeni, discovering that Mahwanqa had already claimed the throne and ruled for a significant duration.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=1381.0,1741.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Death of Langalibalele","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=1741.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hadebe recounts the story of Langalibalele, who endured ten years of imprisonment at Robben Island, followed by additional confinement at KwaLanga, Kwancwecwe, and KwaThende. He explains that Langalibalele was periodically required to sign in to confirm his ongoing detention. On one particular day, he received a meal that he believed to be poisoned; nonetheless, he decided to consume it, having become exhausted by his hardships. After his passing, news of his death reached Shepstone, which initiated the traditional customs necessary for a king's burial, including the provision of cowhide isikhumba. His remains, along with his wives and amabutho, were transported from Pietermaritzburg to the appropriate burial location. Before the burial could take place, it was revealed that a umqamelo was needed, indicating that a sacrifice was required. Although there was some reluctance, a praise singer from the Mbongwa family entered and the rock closed. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=1741.0,2040.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Siyephu kaLangalibalele","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=2041.0,5045.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Siyephu was the son of Langalibalele, known by his praise names, “Siyephu esihle sikamalumbane, geza masinye wena shesha ngoba nazi izihlangu zamadoda sezikulinde ngaphezulu” and “uSiyephu ozinwele eziphunguphungu engathi izinyane lehlokohloko, Mansiluzwane umahlala ebophile ubusika nehlobo.” Hadebe describes Siyephu's wives as follows: MaMsimang, kaZondo, KaXhengu, MaMchunu (daughter of Silwane), MamKhwanazi, MaKhoza, MaMlaba, KaMazibuko, and MaZuma. Notably, KaMafahleni, who was the Ndlunkulu, did not bear any children. The last of his wives was MaDlamini. At KwaNomnguza, Siyephu wed a woman from the Mchunu lineage named MaGodolozane. It is said that MaGodolozane possessed beautiful feet; however, she faced the challenge of being unable to conceive. Due to this inability, Siyephu took a second wife from the Smahla family, who successfully became pregnant and gave birth to Tatazela. Additionally, Siyephu had a son named Zibi, whose praise names included “Zibi zingamaqoqwane zibuthwe uMavela ngoba naye ezalwa khona ekhabonina kaSmahla.” Following Siyephu’s passing, his brother Nceke ascended as regent king. The actions of the people of Indinga during this time remain unclear, but Nceke eventually died, leading to Godongwane's rule until Tatazela assumed control. \r\n\r\nHadebe asserts that Mam’Mchunu experienced jealousy when Tatazela wed women from the Msimang and Khoza families. As a result, she sought out her brother Mzochithwayo at their parents' home, requesting him to arrange for one of his daughters to marry Tatazela in order to uphold the royal lineage. Mzochithwayo consented, and she returned with a girl who was to become Tatazela's fourth wife, in addition to his three existing spouses. Hadebe further elaborates that a troubling aspect of Tatazela's fourth wife was her use of ugwayi wamakhala, which prompted a voice to advise Tatazela that she should cease smoking. Initially, she complied, but eventually resumed the habit. Hadebe recounts that a gentleman named Mjakuza, associated with the Hadebe family, was known for creating ugwayi mixed with muthi, which is believed to have caused the demise of the fourth wife and her unborn child. \r\nIn the course of this discussion, Hadebe highlights several key points: \r\n\r\n•\tThe praise names associated with Bhungane and his notable contributions. \r\n•\tThe various residences of Inkosi Langalibalele, specifically Phangweni, Nhlakanhlakeni, and EmaGebeni. \r\n•\tThe circumstances surrounding Sir Shepstone's appointment of Cetshwayo as the king of the entire nation. \r\n•\tThe passing of Langalibalele. \r\n•\tHadebe articulates his appeal for peace, asserting that Inkosi Langalibalele should be released from Robben Island, as his royal dignity was compromised there. He notes that upon his release, Langalibalele continued to live as a prisoner in KwaLanga and Kwangcwecwe. Hadebe emphasizes the necessity of forgiveness between the Hlubi people and the nations involved in his arrest, which include Holland, France, Germany, and England.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=2041.0,5045.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Burial of a Hlubi King","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=5046.0,5252.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hadebe explains that the funeral rites of a Hlubi king involve a continuous performance of hymns. Upon reaching the designated burial site, the appointed praise singers recite the king's praise names. He provides the example of Tatazela’s funeral, which included four praise singers: Mantasha Shabalala, Amos Phakathi, grandfather Zibhebhu Ndwandwe, and Mthembeni. While the first three singers struggled with their performance, it was Mthembeni who successfully executed the task. Hadebe points out that Mthembeni's proficiency stemmed from his natural talent, as he had not acquired knowledge of the praise names through formal schooling.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=5046.0,5252.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Importance of Isidluluba","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=5253.0,5909.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hadebe clarifies that the initial palace situated at Esidlulubeni was owned by Kamalobelo, who is recognized as the most prominent wife of Siyephu. He further elaborates that Nceke possessed several residences, with the principal palace being the birthplace of Mabhebhana, the father of Mshikashika. Another residence belonged to Mahlatshwayo, whose sons included uMntuze, Zwelabantu, also referred to as Zweni, Theyi, and Solani, who had a disability. Additionally, Hadebe notes that his other wife, MaNkala, had a firstborn son named Mafunda, along with two twin daughters.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=5253.0,5909.0"},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308/index/88466/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theme Song","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263308#t=5910.0,5975.0"}]}]},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263309","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 3 - KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_Vani_Hadebe_Audio_80Kbps.mp3"]},"duration":5975.06612,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collections/default_thumbs/000/002/203/small/Audio_logo_1000px.png?1694418531","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263309/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263309/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/263/309/original/KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_Vani_Hadebe_Audio_80Kbps.mp3?1740120520","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":5975.06612,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263309","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]},{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263310","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 3 - KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_Vani_Hadebe_FC_H265_NW_1920x1080_v1.1.m4v"]},"duration":5975.0,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/263/310/small/KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_VaniHadebe_FC_H265_NW_1920x1080_v1.1.m4v_1740131356.jpg?1740131360","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263310/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263310/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-kzndsac.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/263/310/original/KZN_ARCH_OHU_RECORDING_2022_A0000002_2022_02_01_Vani_Hadebe_FC_H265_NW_1920x1080_v1.1.m4v?1740133580","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":5975.0,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://av.kznarchives.gov.za/collections/2203/collection_resources/142288/file/263310","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}